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Computer Notes Chapter -3 The Evolution of Computer ! History of Computer ! Abacus ! Pascal's Mechanical Calculator ! Charles Babbage Computer ! The Difference Engine ! The Analytical Engine ! The Mark I Calculator (1937-44) ! The Atanasoff -Berry Computer (1930-42) ! The ENIAC (1943-46) ! The EDVAC (1946-52) ! The EDSAC (1947-49) ! Manchester Man Mark I (1948) ! The UNIVACI (1951)

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                                     The Evolution of Computer  History of Computer      Necessity is the mother of invention The saying holds true for computers also because computers were invented as a result of man's search for fast and accurate calculating devices. Computer history is about 500 years old. The earliest device used for simple calculation is-  1. Abacus:        Chinese developed this device. It is also known as "Sorobon" . Abacus seems to be earlies  calculating machine Abacus consists of beads, which can move in  wires. The wires represented the column. The right most columns represented the unit, the next for ten and so on. Moving the beads at appropriate column represented number. Abacus can perform simple addition addition and subtraction.  2. Pascal's Mechanical Calculator:     Blaise Pascal invented t...
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Computer Notes Chapter -4 The Computer Generations ! First Generation (1942-1955) ! Characteristic ! Advantages ! Disadvantages ! Second Generation (1955-1964) ! What is Transistor ! Characteristic ! Advantage ! Disadvantage ! Third Generation (1964-1975) ! Integrated Circuits (ICs) ! Chip ! Characteristics ! Advantage ! Disadvantages ! Fourth Generation (1975- Onward) ! Characteristics ! Advantage ! Disadvantage ! Fifth Generation (Yet to come) !

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The Computer Generations:     In computer, talk is a step in technology It provides a framework for the growth of the computer industry. Originally, the term 'generation' was used to distinguish between varying hardware technologies. But nowadays, it was been extended to include both the hardware and the software, which together make up an entire computer system.  First Generation (1942-1955)   We have already discussed about some of the early computers ENIAC. EDVAC. EDSAC, etc. These machines and other of their time were made possible by the invention of "vacuum tube" which was a fragile glass device that could control and amplify electronic signals. These vacuum tube computers are referred to as first generation computers.  Characteristics :  1. The first generation computer control was centralized in a single C.P.U.  2. Ferrite - core main memory was started as storage.   3. Use of virtual memory and register started .  4. Punch card ...
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Computer Notes Chapter-10 INPUT/OUTPUT DEVICE ! Input device ! KEYBOARD DEVICES ! MOUSE ! TRACKBALL !JOYSTICK ! ELECTRONIC PEN ! TOUCH SCREEN ! DATA SCANNING DEVICES ! IMAGE SCANNING ! WEB CAMERAS ! OUTPUT DEVICE ! Monitor ! Printers ! TYPES OF PRINTERS ! Plotter !

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 INPUT/OUTPUT DEVICES  The physical components of a computer are known as hardware. such physical components may be electronic. electrical. magnetic. mechanical or optical. some such parts are microprocessor, integrated circuit (ICs), hard disk, floppy disks, color monitor. keyboard. printer. plotter etc. Input device :  An input device is an electromechanical device, which accepts data from the outside word, and translates them into a from. which the computer can interpret several input devices are available today They can be broadly classified into the following categories. 1. Keyboard  2. Point and draw devices 3. Data scanning devices KEYBOARD DEVICES: Keyboard devices are the most commonly used input devices today They allow data entry into a computer system by pressing a set of keys (labeled buttons), which are neatly mounted on a keyboard, which is connected to the computer system. The most popular keyboard used today is the 101-keys QWERTY keyboard. MOUSE: Mo...
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Computer Notes Chapter- 9 SECONDARY STORAGE DEVICES ! Sequential and direct-Access Devices ! Sequential Access Device ! Magnetic Tape ! Tape Drive ! Direct-Access Devices ! Magnetic Disk ! Types of Magnetic Disks ! FLOPPY DRIVE ABCs ! FLOPPY HISTORY ! Hard disk drive ABCs ! Optical Disk ! Optical Disk Drive ! Types of Optical Disks ! CD-ROM ! WORM DISK ! BUS ! Data Bus ! Address Bus ! Control Bus !

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SECONDARY STORAGE DEVICES Sequential and direct- Access Devices :-   Several different devices can be used as secondary storage device, but the one selected for a particular application, mainly depends upon how the stored information needs to be accessed. There are two methods of accessing information-sequential or serial access, and direct or random access. A sequencing –access storage device is one in which the arrival at the location desired may be preceded by sequencing through other location, so that access time varies according to location . in other words, information on a sequential-access device can only be retrieved in the same sequence in which it is stored. Sequential processing is quite suitable for such applications like preparation of monthly pay slips, or monthly electricity bills, etc. These direct-access devices are also called random-access devices, because the literally available at random ,i.e., it is available in any order. Hence, a random-access storage d...
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Chapter 1 ! Introduction Of Computer ! Whats is computer ! data ! Processing ! Role Of Computer Lesson 1

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Whats Is Computer ? Ans: Computer Is An Electronic Machine.                              Or The word "computer" derived from the Greek word "computer"which means to calculate device, which can perform  arithmetic and logical operations an enormous speed. Simply computer is electronic devices which can process large volume of data using per-defined instructions set by a human being with high speed $ accuracy, and give information as a result. The definition is pointing towards three major terms viz. Data, Processing and information.  Data   The term "data" is the plural though "data" is commonly used for both singular and plural forms. Data can be alphabetical and numerical and other symbols ($, @, +, ^,etc). We express values properties and names of entities through data. Ex-Ram, age, 26, good, man , etc. Processing  Processing of data is manipulation  data. Manipulation  t...
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Computer Notes Chapter- 15 Networking ! What is networking ! Need For Network ! Data Communication and Networks! Types of networks ! Local Area Network (LAN) ! Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) ! Wide Area Network (WAN) ! Components of Networks ! Hardward ! The Workstation and Server ! Server ! Workstation ! Network Interface Cards !

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What is networking ? A group of computers that are connected together for the purpose of  sharing various computer software and hardware resources like input-output devices, memory, storage like hard disk etc.  Need For Network : Man is social animal. We cannot exit alone, without communication with different people around and moving from one place to another. Communication is one of the most important needs of our life Communication is a transport of not only words, text, but also involves people, sound, pictures and other kinds of relevant data.  As we come to the twentieth century, the technology seems to be changing towards information gathering, processing and distribution. Form simple talking, we have now reached a mode of sending letters through the computers, which is called Electronic Mail or E-mail Thus, technology is increasing the speed of communication and it is not costly .  All this is possible due to the computers being connected each other across the...
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स्टेट बैंक ऑफ़ इंडिया PO परीक्षा state bank of india po computer test online And offline practice paper date 15-03-2003 bank exam paper computer test online

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  स्टेट बैंक ऑफ़ इंडिया PO परीक्षा 1.              स्टेट बैंक ऑफ़ इंडिया PO परीक्षा 1.         फाइल को S ave करने की कमांड कौन - सी है – (a)    Ctrl+C                               ( b ) Ctrl+S                            (C) Ctrl+D                                                           (d) Ctrl+Z              ...
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Computer notes Chapter -2 Characteristics of Computer ! Automatic ! Speed ! Accuracy ! Diligence

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  Characteristics of computer   The increasing popularity of computer has proved that it is a very powerful and useful tool. The power and usefulness of this popular tool are mainly due to its following characters.  1)  Automatic.          A machine is said to be automatic, if it works by itself without human intervention. Computers are automatic machine because once started on a job, they carry on, until the job is finished, normally without any human assistance. However, computers being machines cannot start themselves. They cannot go out and find their own problems and solutions. They have to be instructed . That is, a computer works from a program of coded instructions, which specify exactly how particular job is to be done. Some of the other characteristics of computers, such as speed and accuracy, are due to the act that they are automatic, and work on a problem without any human intervention.  2) Speed:       A...
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